VIIth
International Science ConferenceCoordinate Measuring Technique
VIIth
International Science ConferenceIn total 106 participants joined the Conference. 10 scientific centres from abroad were represented by total 16 participants:
10 national higher universities have been represented by total 41 participants:
The following manufacturers of coordinate measuring machines have been represented also:
The invited guests for conference were:
The Conference participants took part in the ceremony of awarding Prof. Albert Weckenmann with dignity of Doctor Honoris Causa of University of Bielsko-Biała.
In Scientific Bulletin of University of Bielsko-Biała 53 papers have been published (10 in Polish and 43 in English). But 61 presentation have been given during conference (49 in oral form and 12 – in poster form). The main subjects of conference were:
Adamczak S., Janecki D., Stępien K. - Politechnika Świętokrzyska
Investigating the accuracy of cylindricity deviation measurement on CMM’s using the cross-correlation function
Summary: The paper discusses the procedure and results of cylindricity deviation measurement. Two methods are employed: one is the point method with measurement on a CMM, the other being the traditional radial method of high accuracy. The measuring data are compared by analyzing the values of selected cylindricity parameters and calculating the coefficient of correlation between profiles. The coefficient is computed by applying a normalized cross-correlation function, which requires approximation of cylindrical surfaces using the Legendre/Fourier method.
Bubnowicz S., Łukianowicz Cz., Łukianowicz T. - Politechnika Koszalińska
Use of coordinate measuring technique at vacuum engineering works TEPRO S.A
Summary: In the paper, the most significant steps undertaken to introduce coordinate measuring technique at Vacuum Engineering Works TEPRO S. A. are presented. Management and technical solutions, which have been applied to ensure high quality of products, are explained. Application of a portal type coordinate measuring machine, recognized as the key element of these actions, has been described. Examples of elements measured with usage of the coordinate measuring machine are shown in this paper. Highlight was also given to problems and limitations related to application of coordinate measuring technique. Finally, prospects and further development of this technique within the works are briefly discussed.
Chajda J., Gapiński B. - Politechnika Poznańska
Some aspects of the roundness measurement with CMM
Summary: In the article, the possibility of Coordinate Measuring Machines application for the form measurement (roundness). The influence of the measuring points number and the form deviation type on the result of measurement, for various fitting elements has been discussed. The achieved results prove that minimal number of points is not enough, but too large number does not improve the result of measurement. The recommendations for measuring points number have been presented.
Chajda J., Szelewski M., Grzelka M. - Politechnika Poznańska,
Analysis of the measuring point coordinate identification error on free-form surface, for CMM and CAD systems
Summary: The development of technics allows to apply many different tools in the Reverse Engineering Process for the discretisation of the 3D geometry of various objects. However, both in accuracy and quality aspects of reproduction of element on Reverse Engineering, the errors of each stage of process must be thoroughly examined and recognized. In the article, the stage of contact discretisation in the Reverse Engineering process supplied with Coordinate Measuring Machine has been described. The correction errors of the measuring probe ball-tip diameter generated by the measuring program and CAD, has been discussed, too.
Durakbasa M. N., Osanna P. H. - Vienna University of Technology, Austria
Intelligent supervision of coordinate measuring machines and the estimation of the uncertainty of measurements with CMMS on the basis of ISO standards
Summary: In modern industrial production it is necessary and important for the quality of products and processes to confirm and check periodically measuring and monitoring devices. The basis for the tests of co-ordinate measuring machines is given by the international standards for Geometrical Product Specification and Verification by the technical committee ISO TC 213. The ISO 15530 series of International Standards provides terminology, techniques, and guidelines for estimating the uncertainty of CMM measurements. CMMs are considered to be complex GPS measuring equipment, and the estimation of the uncertainty of CMM measurements often involves more advanced techniques than those described in ISO 14253-2. The techniques presented in the ISO 15530 series are compliant with both and the GUM.
Ducret S., Midol A., Mathia T. G. - Ecole Centrale de Lyon - CNRS, Francja
Improvement of downhill ski performance using simultaneously GPS (Geographical Positioning System & Geometrical Product Specifications) and grounding force recording metrologies
Summary: Skiers sensations and eventually video sequences constitute the only feed-back for analysing the skiers run. In this context, it is very difficult to help the skier to improve his performance. The aim of this paper is to propose a downhill ski performance analysing system which could help professional skiers to improve their race, ski manufacturing process in terms of surface morphology and physico-chemistry of the soles, and/or training. The present paper describes an experimentation carried out on a ski course. Skier was instrumented with force sensors and supplemented by a GPS (Geographical Positioning System) analysis data system. This kinematics system (GPS) measured several parameters such as: instantaneous speed, track profile, 3D layout and covered distances. The kinetic system (forces sensors) allowed to record the ground reaction forces during each run in relationship with 3D (GPS) surfaces of soles morphologies using 3D topography characterizations The principle idea is to bring information to the skier about his pressure taking into account nivology, his speed and his total friction resistances on snow and aerodynamic drug in order to optimise his performance in terms of compromise of his competition results and his physical and neuro-physiological engagement.
Filipowski R., Dąbrowski L., Zawora J., Kossowski R. - Politechnika Warszawska
Prosta regresji ortogonalnej w oprogramowaniu współrzędnościowej maszyny pomiarowej
Summary: Software współrzędnościowych maszyn pomiarowych (CMM) określa, wg pomierzonych punktów na płaszczyźnie 2D lub w przestrzeni 3D, twory geometryczne algorytmami aproksymacyjnymi, gdy liczba tych punktów jest większa od liczby stopni swobody tworu geometrycznego. W artykule omówiono metody regresji ortogonalnej definiowania linii prostych 2D i 3D. Algorytmy regresji ortogonalnej pozwalają ustalić optymalne położenie linii prostej, przy którym wariancja punktów pomiarowych względem niej przyjmuje wartość najmniejszą.
Furutani R. - Tokyo Denki University, Japonia
Self-calibration of 2D parallel CMM
Summary: It is described how to calibrate the kinematic parameters of a parallel CMMs. The artefact which consists of spheres is selected as a physical constraints for self-calibration. The kinematic calibration of the parallel CMM is performed using the artefact of just one sphere. The parallel CMM can measure a sphere in a lot of different orientations so that a lot of sensor information can be got at the identical location. If the number of sensor information is larger than that of whole parameters, e.g. the kinematic parameters and the orientation and location of stylus, the whole parameters can be selfcalibrated without any information of artefacts. As an example, the 2D planar parallel CMM was developed and the kinematic parameters of it was self-calibrated.
Gawlik J., Karbowski K. - Politechnika Krakowska
Faults of reproduction of freeform surfaces in reverse engineering system.
Summary: The article is a brief characteristic of Reverse Engineering process and the methods of determining the precision of reproduction of free surfaces machined in a Reverse Engineering system. It also contains an algorithm and an example of amelioration of precision of products with outline in form of free surfaces.
Giniotis V., Petroškevičius P., Skeivalas J. - Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Litwa/Lithuania
New implementations of 3D measurement
Summary: The most advanced methods for the development of new structure of the coordinate measurement machines (CMM) are discussed. Optical methods applied for 3D measurements including laser tracking systems and sensors, use of digital cameras for such systems are analyzed. They give great advantages by its minimal dimensions, wide range of accessibility, integration of the sensor and information transfer functions in one unit. It is expected that these modern systems will replace the existing CMM systems, especially the ones using Cartesian coordinate systems and can be more widely used in the calibration process of existing CMMs. An example of use of the optical position determination by using optical bar marks is given.
Górka S., Pawlus P. - Politechnika Rzeszowska
The analysis of surface topography measurement results distortion by spherical tip.
Summary: The paper presents the analysis of the literature about the effect of tip probe mechanical filtration on distortion of the results of surface topography measurement. The irregularity profiles and 3D surface topographies were the objects of investigations. The effect of probe tips of various radii was simulated. The results of measurement of about 20 surfaces were also studied. The attempt of correction of measurement errors caused by tip probe mechanical filtration was done.
Grzelka M., Szelewski M. - Politechnika Poznańska
Discretisation and modelling stage in the reverse engineering.
Summary: In the article, the Reverse Engineering system combined with Coordinate Measuring Technique and Computer Aided Design software has been described. The examples of the reproduction of objects and the accuracy analysis of their modelling in CAD system have been presented. Digitalisation had been performed by Coordinate Measuring Machine equipped with CNC and measuring program. In the article, the curves used in CAD systems (Bezier and NURBS) have been presented, too.
Hoffmann J., Weckenmann A. - Chair QFM, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Niemcy
Coordinate measurements with nanometer resolution.
Summary: Miniaturized CMMs are appropriate for flexible measurements of form and dimensions of micro sized parts with nanometer resolution. In general they are set up similarly to conventional CMMs out of the basic components: guiding and motion systems, length measuring systems, probing systems and software, but the implementation of these components differs significantly. One possible set-up of such a machine will be explained at the example of a specific CMM with subnanometer resolution and probing systems based on scanning tunneling microscopy and laser focus detection. Additionally alternative scientific and technological approaches for the most important components will be shown.
Humienny Z., Kiszka K. - Politechnika Warszawska
Możliwości programowania pomiarów współrzędnościowych w trybie off-line na przykładzie PC-DMIS.
Summary: Przedstawiono formaty modeli CAD, z którymi współpracuje oprogramowanie PC-DMIS CAD. Pokazano różnorodne możliwości konfiguracji głowicy pomiarowej. Wyjaśniono ogólne zasady tworzenia układu współrzędnych przedmiotu oraz zaprezentowano procedury definiowania układu łatwo dostępne w pasku narzędzi Szybki start. Omówiono dogodne sposoby przechwytywania danych geometrycznych z modeli CAD za pomocą graficznego interfejsu użytkownika oraz wizualizacji ścieżek końcówki pomiarowej. Podkreślono, że podgląd ruchu wirtualnej głowicy pomiarowej na ekranie komputera pozwala na szybkie przygotowanie programu oraz weryfikację jego poprawności jeszcze przed uruchomieniem pomiarów na WMP.
Humienny Z., Wilhelm R.* - Politechnika Warszawska, *University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
Evaluation of CMM according to ISO and ASME standards.
Summary: Rules and recommendations for performance evaluation of Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs) in the current series of ISO 10360 standards and ASME B89.4.1-1997 are presented and compared. Due to the European site of the paper presentation ASME B89.4.1 is discussed in detail and ISO 10360, the European Standard and national standards in most of European countries, is reviewed rather briefly. Both standards intend to facilitate performance comparison of CMMs, unify terminology and show manner of execution of the acceptance and periodical reverification tests. This paper indicates that European CMMs users can also implement some tests based on the ASME standard in their internal procedures used for quantitative estimation of machine uncertainty.
Ivakhiv O., Puyda D., Puyda V.* - Lviv National Polytechnic University,
*Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraina
Surface roughness 3D measurements
Summary: In this paper the method of component surface analysis with help of it’s surface threedimensional model is suggested. This method lies in the detail surface three-dimensional model creating after it’s two-dimensional monochromatic image, and comparing it with the three-dimensional model of standard. The two-dimensional image was created by using a video system. The three-dimensional model of standard can be received using two-dimensional image or can be generated by the computer.
Jakubiec W., Marxer M., Płowucha W., Bulgaru M., Bolboaca L.I.
Akademia Techniczno-Humanistyczna, Bielsko-Biała
Projekty europejskie jako odpowiedź na zapotrzebowanie przemysłu w zakresie szkoleń.
Summary: W artykule przedstawiono cele i niektóre wyniki dwóch projektów europejskich, dotyczących szkolenia w zakresie metrologii (METRO-e-LEARN) oraz współrzędnościowej techniki pomiarowej (EUKOM). Przedstawiono również uczestników obu projektów.
Jakubiec W., Płowucha W., Starczak M. - Akademia Techniczno-Humanistyczna, Bielsko-Biała
The estimation of coordinate measurements uncertainty in industrial conditions.
Summary: The paper presents the conditions, which have to be fulfilled by virtual coordinate measuring machine used in industrial conditions to estimate measurement uncertainty. One of these conditions is the implementation in simulation software the catalogue of typical measuring tasks as well as the probing strategies connected with these tasks and styli configuration. The virtual coordinate measuring machine has to estimate the influence of applied simplifications in measurement strategy through the calculation of appropriate component of measurement uncertainty. The results of some experiments have been presented.
Jakubiec W., Starczak M. - Akademia Techniczno-Humanistyczna, Bielsko-Biała
Designing, verification and validation of part programs.
Summary: The paper underlines the need of verification and/or validation of part programs. One of the possibilities of verification of part programs, e.g. the elaboration and approval of documentation of applied measurement strategy, has been suggested. In general case such a documentation shall consists in the analysis of fixture design, analysis of manufactured workpieces from the point of view of their fixing during manufacturing and measurements as well as the analysis of procedures of defining the workpiece coordinate system using the fixture. The last option shall be directed to the limitation of influence of fixture manufacturing accuracy and the wear of datum surfaces of fixture onto the measurement result. The validation of part program can be done through comparison measurements under the certain conditions of interlaboratory measurements or through application the same measurement strategy as in traditional (by dial gauges) measurements. The suggested proposals are illustrated on the examples.
Juras B. - Politechnika Krakowska
Pomiary powierzchni przy wykorzystaniu techniki współrzędnościowej.
Summary: W referacie przedstawiono zagadnienie współrzędnościowego pomiaru powierzchni rozważając sposób definiowania elementu nominalnego. Szczegółowo przedstawiono wyniki badania wybranej metody korekcji promieniowej wyniku przy zastosowaniu wzorca o stałym promieniu krzywizny.
Lorek R., Płonka S., Płowucha W. - Akademia Techniczno-Humanistyczna, Bielsko-Biała
Struktura geometryczna powierzchni 2D i 3D prowadników przędzy.
Summary: W pracy przedstawiono badania struktury geometrycznej powierzchni (SGP) 2D i 3D oraz kinetycznego współczynnika tarcia μk prowadników przędzy wykonanych z porcelany pokrytej twardą glazurą i spieku ceramicznego Al2O3. Wyznaczono wartość współczynnika korelacji R dla każdego z parametrów przyjętych do oceny SGP 2D i 3D w zależności od kinetycznego współczynnika tarcia μk przędzy. Na tej podstawie zaproponowano do oceny SGP prowadników te z parametrów dla których wartość współczynnika R osiągnęła wartość największą
Mathia T.G., Domeck N., Leprat E. - Ecole Centrale de Lyon - CNRS, Francja
Why the 3D metrology of surfaces morphology is required?
Summary: The measurement of the roughness of surfaces consists of four parts: mathematical morphology, metrology, processing of information, and quality of the products in the marketplace. The first author has been interested in these areas since 1969 while making and marketing various devices of measurement. The authors propose, by the means of specific examples taken from some industrial sectors and from various academic approaches, to prove the utility of 3D measurement of surface topography. The characteristics of fundamentally different measurement techniques will be reviewed and will, through specific applications, have their respective advantages and disadvantages examined. These measurement techniques make it possible to characterize in 3D surfaces whose amplitudes extend from 1 pm up to a few mm. The authors present some examples of problems solved thanks to the metrology of 3D topography of surfaces of different materials intended for various functions.
Mavrov A., Siemieniako W. - Hexagon Metrology
Curve Analyzer – Application package for analysis of 2D point sequences
Summary: The “CurveAnalyzer” package allows fast and intuitive way of both curve analysis and graphical reporting. It implements a simple interface covering all basic curve analysis functions – building geometric elements from the curve, constructions, dimensioning, wide range curve calculation functions etc. The package can be also used as basis for development of customized solutions.
Nicola S., Cojocaru D., Catrina G., Neagu N., Vasilescu M., Popa T., Dumbrava M. - University of Craiova, Romania
A retrofitting CMM application
Summary: This paper deals with an application for a hardware and software retrofit of a bridge type coordinate measuring machine (CMM) with emphasis on system architecture. Now the machine is owned by a major heavy equipment manufacturer. The basic ideas for hardware development were: using actual measurement system, DC motors and the amplifiers; total replacement of controller, control and measurement software; adapting a general purpose CNC controller with functions and an appropriate touch trigger probe interface for data sampling; get and use a cost effective 3-D touch probe. The most significant advancement in CMM functionality has been made to the inspection software. The project is financed by the Romanian national program Reindustrialisation AMCSIT – RELANSIN.
Nieciąg H., Chuchro Z. - Instytut Zaawansowanych Technologii Wytwarzania, Kraków
Pose estimation in pipes measurements.
Summary: The paper provides a framework to the solution of the pose estimation problem met in pipes installations measurements. Some factors influencing on the results accuracy are recognized and analysed. Presented method was implemented in PIPE package for quality inspection of the pipes installations and other similar parts against their nominal models.
Nikiel G. - Akademia Techniczno-Humanistyczna, Bielsko-Biała
Computer-aided dimensional inspection planning on the example of selected parts.
Summary: Computer-Aided dimensional inspection planning based on design data from CAD systems is discussed. In this paper are presented design and processes planning integration possibilities where coordinate measurements is involved. Use of the Features idea based on STEP standard (ISO- 10303) is proposed. As example an system of the dimensional inspection planning for the prismatic parts is showed..
Pawlus P., Dobrzański P. - Politechnika Rzeszowska
The effect of digital filtering on accuracy of computation of parameters connected with functional properties of machine elements.
Summary: The paper presents the information about usefulness of surface topography filtering methods in machine elements design and operating problems. The literature review about digital filtering methods is presented. The analysis of the results of stratified surface topographies filtering in two- and three dimensions is included in the paper.
Płowucha W., Jakubiec W.
Akademia Techniczno-Humanistyczna, Bielsko-Biała
Estimation of freeform surfaces measurement uncertainty with use of calibrated freeform artefact
Summary: Paper presents the use of a calibrated artefact for estimation of uncertainty of measurement of freeform surfaces. For the research the double-sinus surface artefact developed in PTB Braunschweig was used. The calibration was carried out on accurate coordinate measuring machine in very stable temperature conditions. Estimation of measurement uncertainty for chosen CMMs was carried out.
Ratajczyk E. - Politechnika Warszawska
Trends in the development of scanning measurements in coordinate techniques (Review).
Summary: The trends in the development of scanning measurements, specially concerning the development of touch measuring heads used in continuous measurements, are presented. The example of scanning measurements, as the third generation of scanning, is given and illustrated by the VAST Navigator option and REVO Rescan5. Finally, parameters characteristic of scanning as well as methods of scanning time and inaccuracies estimation are presented.
Rybokas M., Kulvietienė R., Giniotis V.
Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Lithuania/Litwa
Uncertainty determination in coordinate measurements.
Summary: The distribution of errors during the calibration of the linear and angular transducers in 3D measuring systems are discussed. During the calibration it is possible to find out only a restricted number of values of the information-measuring system. An example of the results shows that during the accuracy calibration some larger values of the error can be omitted including significant ones. So, it is important to evaluate the information quantity on an object that was assessed providing more complete information on the data present in this system. Uncertainty determination of the measuring result in 3D measuring volume is presented with the addition of information entropy parameter that shows a quantity of data assessed.
Saunders P., Stiasny P. - Renishaw
Renscan5 and REVO – Technology and applications (Technical article).
Schwenke H., Neuschaefer-Rube U., Wissmann M. - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, Niemcy
Tactile probing of micro features – recent advances in the development of the tactile-optical microprobe.
Summary: The Tactile-optical Microprobe has conquered many applications in the measurement of micro parts and features. Typical applications are the measurement of spray holes in injection nozzles or micromechanical components for hard disks and consumer products. Although the system can deliver accuracies in the sub-micron range, it is subject to certain limitations compared with conventional probes for the macro world: The sensitivity is limited to 2D and the scanning capabilities are restricted. Recent research in PTB has been directed towards overcoming these limitations. The paper presents the progress of the work and introduces new concepts, how the functionality and accuracy can be further enhanced. First results are presented.
Sieniło M., Żebrowska-Łucyk S. - Politechnika Warszawska
Wykorzystanie algorytmów maszyn współrzędnościowych w pomiarach odchyłki okrągłości metodą bezodniesieniową
Summary: Algorytmy obliczeniowe stosowane w maszynach do pomiaru odchyłek kształtu nie są odporne na zmiany położenia elementu względem osi obrotu. Uzyskanie wysokiej dokładności pomiaru wymaga dokładnego ustawiania elementu, a tym samym pochłania wiele czasu. W referacie przedstawiono koncepcję metody obliczeń, która daje wyniki znacznie mniej zależne od położenia elementu. Metoda nawiązuje do rozwiązań numerycznych stosowanych we współrzędnościowej technice pomiarowej.
Sładek J., Kowalski M., Ryniewicz A., Juras B., Krawczyk M. - Politechnika Krakowska
Identification method of the CMM measurement subspace localization based on location errors.
Summary: The article discusses the method enabling the association of measurement subspaces based on CMM location error. The method involving determination of a location error has been used for this purpose, allowing for the possibility of associating measurement subspaces regardless of their localization and orientation. The realization is based on identification of CMM location error with the use of a laser interferometer.
Sładek J., Sokal G. - Politechnika Krakowska
Correcting the accuracy of coordinate measuring systems with rotational kinematics pairs.
Summary: Using of measuring systems with rotational kinematics pairs needs to prepare method of checking and correcting its measuring accuracy. Using to this modern tools seems intentional so as laser-trackers, laser interferometer in combination with software methods. In case the lack of the accuracy one should aspire to its betterment with using software methods without the interference in the kinematics structure of measuring system.
Sowiński R. - Carl Zeiss Sp. z o.o.
Oprogramowanie maszyn pomiarowych ZEISS.
Summary: System do pomiarów współrzędnościowych jest układem składającym się z czterech elementów: maszyna pomiarowa, głowica pomiarowa, sterowanie oraz oprogramowanie pomiarowe. Carl Zeiss jest producentem wszystkich tych elementów co umożliwia maksymalne wykorzystanie możliwości całego systemu. Z punktu widzenia użytkownika oprogramowanie pomiarowe jest najważniejszym elementem. Łatwy i przyjazny interfejs użytkownika w połączeniu z potężną funkcjonalnością jest standardem dla każdego programu pomiarowego Carl Zeiss. Poniżej przedstawiamy krótką charakterystykę wybranych programów Carl Zeiss.
Starczak M. - Akademia Techniczno-Humanistyczna, Bielsko-Biała
The investigation of measurement strategy simplification influence onto the measurement result.
Summary: The paper deals with the problematic of simplification of measuring strategy and its influence on measurement results. As an example an analysis of measured workpiece in the form of prismatic part has been shown. For this workpiece the possible measurement strategies to determine all measured characteristics have been suggested.
Stenberg H., Płowucha W. - Akademia Techniczno-Humanistyczna, Bielsko-Biała
Optical measuring system based on temporal phase unwrapping method.
Summary: In industry today, the use of tactile point measuring principles now more and more changes in favour for optical non-contact measurements. In this project, we have made some initial investigations on how an optical field measuring method can be used to measure stamped sheet-metal parts for quality control.
Swornowski P. - Politechnika Poznańska
The attempt to improve the metrological characteristics of the trigger probe.
Summary: In the article, the initial result of the metrological characteristic improvement has been presented. The investigation dealt with the trigger probe with 3 pillars for Coordinate Measuring Machines, where two problems were to solve: scintillation on the electrical contacts and “triangular” characteristics. The new probe head with modernized mechanics was constructed. To the switching unit were added three more microswitches placed under the main contacts of the head. The additional electronic block was introduced, too, which had to form output pulses and perform calculations. The additional software was to correct the “rough” data.
Tyka A., Góralczyk A - Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza, Kraków
Próba wykorzystania dwuwymiarowego wzorca płytowego ze stożkowymi elementami pomiarowymi do kontroli dokładności ramion pomiarowych.
Summary: Doskonalenie konstrukcji oraz technologii wykonania materialnych wzorców do kontroli współrzędnościowych ramion pomiarowych, których jeszcze nie objęły uściślenia normalizacyjne, jest ukierunkowane na poszukiwanie łatwych w użytkowaniu oraz możliwie dokładnych rozwiązań. W referacie przedstawiono własne rozwiązanie problemu wykonania i zastosowania dwuwymiarowego wzorca płytowego realizowanego z wykorzystaniem gniazd stożkowych, osadzonych w płycie granitowej o znacznej sztywności, których położenie określono w dokładnych pomiarach współrzędnościowych. Przedstawiono i omówiono wyniki badań kontrolnych (w ramach sprawdzania doraźnego w warunkach laboratoryjnych) na przykładzie ramienia FARO 2500 PLATINUM.
Uściński M. - Główny Urząd Miar
Analysis of factors influencing on measurement uncertainty of coordinate measuring machine CMM5, based on granite and cylindrical square used in international comparison EUROMET No 570
Summary: Analysis of measurements with declared uncertainties obtained by particular participants in international comparisons EUROMET No 570 concerning granite square and cylindrical square is presented in this paper. Decelerated measurement uncertainties estimated by individual participants were compared and factors which could have decisive influence on measurement results obtained by Central Office of Measures were examined.
Uściński M. - Główny Urząd Miar
Interlaboratory comparison concerning coordinate measurements, organized by Length and Angle Division of Central Office of Measures (Announcement)
Summary: Project of interlaboratory comparisons, planned for realization for the years of 2006/2008 by Central Office of Measures is presented in the paper. The special gauge (check master) foreseen for application in above mentioned comparisons and proposed measurement procedure were described..
Weber H. - Brown&Sharpe GmbH, Germany/Niemcy
Environmental influences on coordinate measurements.
Summary: The environmental influences on coordinate measuring machines can be minimized by constructive actions. Equipment designed correspondingly is available on the market. However, coordinate measurements and the work pieces are also influenced by the conditions of the shop floor to a strong extent. To estimate the uncertainties , tests are necessary under changing environmental conditions, since the interactions between influential components and work piece is not describable as a model. The results of such a test are specified below.
Weckenmann A., Beetz S. - Chair QFM, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany/Niemcy
Determination of measurement strategy for coordinate measurements supported by an assistance system.
Summary: Coordinate measurements are based on sampling operator-defined points on the workpiece surface and evaluating gathered point clouds. Evaluated associated features are significantly influenced by type and value of form deviations of real features, number and distribution of points and evaluation criteria. Due to lack of knowledge about details of actual form deviation, measurement uncertainty of evaluated feature parameters refers only to considered influences and neglects surface zones in-between sampled points. Based on knowledge of the manufacturing process and estimation of the possible contribution of unknown surface zones to the uncertainty a computer-based assistance system allows optimising the measurement strategy.
Weckenmann A., Petrovic N. - Chair QFM, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany/Niemcy
Comparison of CMM length measurement tests conducted by a step gauge and a ball plate.
Summary: A comprehensive comparison of all artefacts and procedures intended for CMM length measurement capability tests must be conceptualised in such a manner that comparability of test results is assured. In order to test practically obtainable differences of results and, to confirm applicability of intention to conduct an extensive comparison of all artefacts and procedures, preliminary measurements of two artefacts only should be performed. For that purpose a step gauge and a ball plate are selected. Comparison of results obtained by those artefacts allows detection of eventual differences caused by physical shapes of artefacts or, by number and type of measuring features.
Wieczorowski M. - Politechnika Poznańska
Industrial application of optical scanner.
Summary: During recent years, optical systems for digitising workpieces have been more and more used in the industry. Good interfaces to conventional CAD/CAM systems made such digitising systems part of complex process chains. These process chains mainly focus on optimising the development of products and production processes and on improving the product quality. Using optical digitising systems considerably decreases the development time for products and production while improving the quality. Compared to tactile measuring systems, measurement of components with optical ones, provide an important advantage particularly for complex geometries. The paper focus on sheet metals used in the automotive industry and on various applications in tool manufacturing..
Wieczorowski M., Chajda J., Gapiński B., Matliński K. - Politechnika Poznańska
Coordinate measuring machine application for machine tool correction.
Summary: Coordinate measuring machines in various branches of industry within last years became very common. Measuring machines can be used e.g. for direct determination of correction values for machine tools in production cycle. In the paper a description of closed loop of machine tool and coordinate measuring machine was given. Thus CMM generates a correction file with data including crankshaft geometry. Position of crankshaft during measurements was analyzed and holder for crankshaft was designed and made. Probe pins configuration was prepared and measuring program was elaborated. As a result even a non-skilled operator can easily prepare a floppy with correction file.
Wisła N., Lang P. - Volkswagen Salzgitter, Niemcy
Practical method of measurement process evaluation and measurement task-related uncertainty estimation in coordinate measurements using calibrated workpieces according to the guidelines of VDI/VDE 2617-8
Summary: The paper presentes the guidelines of VDI/VDE 2617-8 concerning measurement taskrelated uncertainty estimation and verification of measurement process capability on CMMs. Results and conclusions described in this paper were collected as an effect of the research made on three CMMs.
Wojtyła M. - Akademia Techniczno-Humanistyczna, Bielsko-Biała
Badania niepewności pomiaru elementów rurkowych.
Summary: W referacie przedstawiono stosowane w dokumentacji technicznej sposoby opisu postaci nominalnej i wymagań dokładnościowych w odniesieniu do elementów rurkowych takich jak układy wydechowe samochodów, przewody hamulcowe czy gumowe łączniki układu chłodzenia. Przedstawiono funkcjonalną interpretację wymagań dokładnościowych. Przedstawiono sposób pomiaru na współrzędnościowej maszynie pomiarowej elementów rurkowych. Badania niepewności obejmują problem ograniczonej sztywności i sposobu ustalenia przedmiotu do pomiaru.
Woźniak A., Ratajczyk E. - Politechnika Warszawska
Institute of Metrology and Measuring Systems with reference to international comparison on measuring machines.
Summary: The paper discusses a final report of international program of inter laboratory comparison on mechanical and optical coordinate measuring machines (CMMs). Program has been organized by the Centre for Geometrical Metrology (CGM) from Technical University of Denmark (DTU). A total of 24 CMMs including machine Prismo Vario in Institute of Metrology and Measuring Systems (IMiSP) were used to measure an optomechanical hole plate, designed and manufactured by DTU. In this paper an IMiSP results are analyzed and compared with reference to international comparison.
Zawacki M. - Politechnika Warszawska
Conceptions of accuracy test for CMM’s during measuring distance error checking by means of laser interferometer.
Summary: The conceptions of accuracy test for Coordinate Measuring Machine’s using laser interferometer are presented. In this method accuracy of CMM is evaluated according to displacement optics element which is a part of the interferometer system. Interferometer allows to check the accuracy of CMM on unlimited long distance in contrary to the most popular gauge blocks which are no longer than one meter.
Zelenę V., Skalnik P - Czech Metrology Institute, Czech Republic, Prague
Redundant measurements using laser interferometer on coordinate measuring machine.
Summary: Adding a mirror on the touch probe of the 3-Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) and using a laser interferometer will increase the measurement accuracy of 1-dimensional measuring tasks.
Żebrowska-Łucyk S., Czapski M., Rudziński R. - Politechnika Warszawska
Szybka metoda wyznaczania nieliniowości charakterystyki czujników przemieszczeń stosowanych w przyrządach do pomiaru odchyłek kształtu.
Summary: Przedstawiono szybką metodę wyznaczania nieliniowości charakterystyki czujników stosowanych w przyrządach do pomiaru odchyłek kształtu. Metoda polega na pomiarze mimośrodowego wzorca okrągłości I odpowiednim przetworzeniu otrzymanego sygnału. Może być stosowana zarówno w przyrządach z obrotowym stołem jak I z obracającym się czujnikiem.